极客时间对于推广渠道会有返利优惠，比如山月在极客时间买了一门课，再把课程分享给好友购买，这时极客时间会向山月返利20元左右。

而我现在做了一个返利平台，你可以在上边通过山月的链接购买课程，此时极客时间会向我返利。为了共同学习，而你可以添加我的微信 (shanyue94)，我将把极客时间给我的返利发一个红包全部返给你。

# 在 Node 中引入一个模块时发生了什么

const fs = require('fs')

const _ = require('lodash')

#

(function(exports, require, module, __filename, __dirname) {
  // 所有的模块代码都被包裹在这个函数中
  const fs = require('fs')
  const _ = require('lodash')
});

require('internal/modules/cjs/loader').Module.runMain(process.argv[1]);

Module._extensions['.js'] = function(module, filename) {
  if (filename.endsWith('.js')) {
    const pkg = readPackageScope(filename);
    // Function require shouldn't be used in ES modules.
    if (pkg && pkg.data && pkg.data.type === 'module') {
      const parentPath = module.parent && module.parent.filename;
      const packageJsonPath = path.resolve(pkg.path, 'package.json');
      throw new ERR_REQUIRE_ESM(filename, parentPath, packageJsonPath);
    }
  }
  const content = fs.readFileSync(filename, 'utf8');
  module._compile(content, filename);
};

Module.prototype._compile = function(content, filename) {
  let moduleURL;
  let redirects;
  if (manifest) {
    moduleURL = pathToFileURL(filename);
    redirects = manifest.getRedirector(moduleURL);
    manifest.assertIntegrity(moduleURL, content);
  }

  maybeCacheSourceMap(filename, content, this);
  const compiledWrapper = wrapSafe(filename, content, this);

  var inspectorWrapper = null;
  if (getOptionValue('--inspect-brk') && process._eval == null) {
    if (!resolvedArgv) {
      // We enter the repl if we're not given a filename argument.
      if (process.argv[1]) {
        try {
          resolvedArgv = Module._resolveFilename(process.argv[1], null, false);
        } catch {
          // We only expect this codepath to be reached in the case of a
          // preloaded module (it will fail earlier with the main entry)
          assert(ArrayIsArray(getOptionValue('--require')));
        }
      } else {
        resolvedArgv = 'repl';
      }
    }

    // Set breakpoint on module start
    if (resolvedArgv && !hasPausedEntry && filename === resolvedArgv) {
      hasPausedEntry = true;
      inspectorWrapper = internalBinding('inspector').callAndPauseOnStart;
    }
  }
  const dirname = path.dirname(filename);
  const require = makeRequireFunction(this, redirects);
  let result;
  const exports = this.exports;
  const thisValue = exports;
  const module = this;
  if (requireDepth === 0) statCache = new Map();
  if (inspectorWrapper) {
    result = inspectorWrapper(compiledWrapper, thisValue, exports,
                              require, module, filename, dirname);
  } else {
    result = compiledWrapper.call(thisValue, exports, require, module,
                                  filename, dirname);
  }
  hasLoadedAnyUserCJSModule = true;
  if (requireDepth === 0) statCache = null;
  return result;
};

<anonymous> (/root/Documents/blog/node/demo/require/index.js:1)
Module._compile (<node_internals>/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1138)
Module._extensions..js (<node_internals>/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1158)
Module.load (<node_internals>/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:986)
Module._load (<node_internals>/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:879)
executeUserEntryPoint (<node_internals>/internal/modules/run_main.js:71)
<anonymous> (<node_internals>/internal/main/run_main_module.js:17)

// <node_internals>/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1019

Module.prototype.require = function(id) {
  validateString(id, 'id');
  if (id === '') {
    throw new ERR_INVALID_ARG_VALUE('id', id,
                                    'must be a non-empty string');
  }
  requireDepth++;
  try {
    return Module._load(id, this, /* isMain */ false);
  } finally {
    requireDepth--;
  }
}

Module._load = function(request, parent, isMain) {
  let relResolveCacheIdentifier;
  if (parent) {
    // ...
  }

  const filename = Module._resolveFilename(request, parent, isMain);

  const cachedModule = Module._cache[filename];
  if (cachedModule !== undefined) {
    updateChildren(parent, cachedModule, true);
    return cachedModule.exports;
  }

  const mod = loadNativeModule(filename, request);
  if (mod && mod.canBeRequiredByUsers) return mod.exports;

  // Don't call updateChildren(), Module constructor already does.
  const module = new Module(filename, parent);

  if (isMain) {
    process.mainModule = module;
    module.id = '.';
  }

  Module._cache[filename] = module;
  if (parent !== undefined) {
    relativeResolveCache[relResolveCacheIdentifier] = filename;
  }

  let threw = true;
  try {
    // Intercept exceptions that occur during the first tick and rekey them
    // on error instance rather than module instance (which will immediately be
    // garbage collected).
    if (enableSourceMaps) {
      try {
        module.load(filename);
      } catch (err) {
        rekeySourceMap(Module._cache[filename], err);
        throw err; /* node-do-not-add-exception-line */
      }
    } else {
      module.load(filename);
    }
    threw = false;
  } finally {
    if (threw) {
      delete Module._cache[filename];
      if (parent !== undefined) {
        delete relativeResolveCache[relResolveCacheIdentifier];
        const children = parent && parent.children;
        if (ArrayIsArray(children)) {
          const index = children.indexOf(module);
          if (index !== -1) {
            children.splice(index, 1);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return module.exports;
};

function loadNativeModule(filename, request) {
  const mod = NativeModule.map.get(filename);
  if (mod) {
    debug('load native module %s', request);
    mod.compileForPublicLoader();
    return mod;
  }
}

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